{"id":1181,"date":"2018-11-20T13:23:54","date_gmt":"2018-11-20T11:23:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.drpedonomou.com\/?page_id=1181"},"modified":"2019-05-03T19:50:47","modified_gmt":"2019-05-03T16:50:47","slug":"adrenal-gland-surgery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.drpedonomou.com\/en\/surgical-procedures\/adrenal-gland-surgery\/","title":{"rendered":"Adrenal Gland Surgery"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1xao0d-d522564dbd6b9a25c5ab42ee526aebbd\">\n.avia-section.av-1xao0d-d522564dbd6b9a25c5ab42ee526aebbd{\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.drpedonomou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/epinefridia.jpg);\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-position:100% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-1xao0d-d522564dbd6b9a25c5ab42ee526aebbd main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  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blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Adrenal Gland Surgery<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-hfx9hp-9346eaf2d7bbc141a9433ffe38bbe697\">\n#top .hr.av-hfx9hp-9346eaf2d7bbc141a9433ffe38bbe697{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.hr.av-hfx9hp-9346eaf2d7bbc141a9433ffe38bbe697 .hr-inner{\nwidth:100px;\nborder-color:#109bc5;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-hfx9hp-9346eaf2d7bbc141a9433ffe38bbe697 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-fqkrbh-403a578c182f59a572ea6fad804e9115 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-fixed-cells  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_one_full  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap fullsize'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dw7kil-757e7bd9027134895bf49e890062d2ea\">\n.flex_cell.av-dw7kil-757e7bd9027134895bf49e890062d2ea{\nvertical-align:bottom;\nbackground-color:#109bc5;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-dw7kil-757e7bd9027134895bf49e890062d2ea{\npadding:4px 0px 0px 0px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-dw7kil-757e7bd9027134895bf49e890062d2ea av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-4  el_before_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  content-align-bottom'  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-cjoyfh-c17f1e4fd4211b403ff8e8a94ad2ccf2\">\n.flex_cell.av-cjoyfh-c17f1e4fd4211b403ff8e8a94ad2ccf2{\nvertical-align:bottom;\nbackground-color:#109bc5;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-cjoyfh-c17f1e4fd4211b403ff8e8a94ad2ccf2{\npadding:4px 0px 0px 0px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-cjoyfh-c17f1e4fd4211b403ff8e8a94ad2ccf2 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  content-align-bottom'  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><div id='after_grid_row_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-1181'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-1264i5-46f143e317beab33564c79387a4a7a97 sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1264i5-46f143e317beab33564c79387a4a7a97\">\n.flex_column.av-1264i5-46f143e317beab33564c79387a4a7a97{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1264i5-46f143e317beab33564c79387a4a7a97 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first no_margin flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-animated-generic top-to-bottom av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-jopng6gk-4a5a494d2a0ed793b750ba0feac216a7 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The adrenal glands are two triangle-shaped organs about five centimeters long that sit on top of the kidneys. They are made up of two distinct parts. Their outer region (cortex) makes hormones that are vital to life. These hormones are involved in control of metabolism, sexual functioning, and the regulation of salts and water in the body. The inner region (medulla) produces nonessential hormones. It secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) which helps the body react to stress.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Disorders and Diseases of the Adrenal Glands<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are multiple reasons why the adrenal glands might not work as they should. The problem could be with the adrenal gland itself, or the root cause may be due to a defect in another gland.<\/p>\n<p>These are the most common disorders and diseases of the adrenal glands:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cushing\u2019s syndrome<\/strong> is caused by overproduction of the hormone cortisol. Patients with this syndrome usually have central obesity with a rounded facial appearance (moon face) but thin arms and legs. Also they may experience weakness, backache, headache, hypertension and acne. Blood tests are available to confirm the cause. In the majority cases, the cause is a pituitary tumor. In 15% of cases, an adrenal tumor is responsible. An adrenal tumor causing Cushing\u2019s syndrome should be surgically removed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pheochromocytoma<\/strong> is a tumor of the adrenal gland that results in excess production of adrenaline or noradrenaline. Pheochromocytomas may cause persistent or sporadic high blood pressure that may be difficult to control with regular medications. Other symptoms include headaches, sweating, tremors, anxiety and rapid heartbeat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conn\u2019s syndrome<\/strong> is a condition in which a benign tumor of the adrenal secretes a hormone that raises the blood pressure and lowers level of potassium in the blood.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Addison\u2019s disease<\/strong> is a rare autoimmune disease that develops when your adrenal glands don\u2019t produce enough cortisol or aldosterone. This is a self-destructive disease, in which your own immune system may attack your adrenal tissues.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH):<\/strong> People who have this inherited hormonal disorder have difficulties producing adrenal hormones. This disorder can affect the development of sex organs in men.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Adrenocortical cancer<\/strong> is a rare but aggressive tumor that tends to spread to other organs and cause adverse changes within the body because of the excess hormones it produces. It requires surgical removal for cure. These tumors are usually large and may or may not be symptomatic.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Adrenal incidentaloma<\/strong> is the term used to describe adrenal masses that are found incidentally on Ultrasound, CT scan or MRI performed for other reasons. These may be benign or malignant tumors or may be the result of cancer that has spread from another area of the body. Depending on the size and the results of blood tests, these lesions should be closely watched or removed.<\/p>\n<p>The diagnosis of adrenal gland disorders is made with special blood and imaging tests.<\/p>\n<p>The blood tests measure your levels of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>adrenal hormones<\/li>\n<li>pituitary hormones<\/li>\n<li>glucose<\/li>\n<li>potassium<\/li>\n<li>sodium<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The imaging studies include the Ultrasound, MRI or CT scan.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re diagnosed with an adrenal gland disorder, you can be treated either medically or surgically. Surgery is a treatment option for certain adrenal disorders. Your doctor may recommend surgery if:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>you have malignant tumors that can be removed<\/li>\n<li>you have tumors on your adrenal or pituitary glands<\/li>\n<li>hormone suppressants fail.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Removal of the adrenal gland with the tumor can be done laparoscopically. At one time an adrenalectomy was considered a major surgical procedure requiring a lengthy hospital stay and a prolonged recovery period. Now, the patient usually remains overnight in the hospital and may resume normal activities in 1 or 2 weeks.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. 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